Apparatus for and process of producing artificial cold by chloride of ethyl



(ModeL) i J. F. GESNER, Apparatus for and Process ofProducing Artificial Gold by Chloride of Ethyl.

No. 240, 97, Pat nted ri ze, I88].

W-Zmesqes JOHN F. GESNEIL OF SAN RAFAEL,

PATENT Creme.

ASSIGNOR or THREE-FOURTHS T EDWARD P. FLINT, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

APPARATUS FOR AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING ARTIFICIAL COLD BY CHIORIDE OF ETHYL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 240,697, dated April 26, 1881.

' Application filed August 21,1880. (ModeL) To all whom at may concern:

V ldwing is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

The object of my invention is an improvement in the construction of ice-machines, intended more particularly for use with ethylchloride as a volatile liquid, but also adapted for use in connection with other liquids ordinarily or sometimes used in apparatus of this kind.

My invention consists in the specific construction of the tank and freezing-plates, and in the manner of connecting these parts to the pump and condenser.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view. Fig. 2 is a back elevation.

A represents the freezing-tank, in which the cells or freezing-plates B are placed at a short distance apart and united together around their rims or edges, so that each plate contains only a single chamber or cell. As many of these cells can be used in a single tank as desired. Each cell is insulated from the tank at the bottom and at each end by wooden strips 0 0, so that they do not touch the bottom or sides of the tank. A large pipe, D, connects the upper ends of the cells or plates 13 with each other, and a pipe, e, leads from this pipe to the suction side of the pump F. Another pipe, g, leads from the forcing side of the pump up into the condensingcoil, h and tank H. The lower end of the coil h passes out through the side of the tank, near its bottom, and connects with a small upright cylinder, I. Inside of this cylinder is an upward-lifting valve, which prevents'the liquid from passing through the cylinder until a sufficient quantity has accumulated to float the valve. A pipe, j, leads from the lower end of the cylinder downward, and connects with each cell B at or near its bottom. The liquid is thus fed into the cells by hydrostatic and pneumatic press- 1116.

Before commencing operations I fill the tank A with water between the cells B B. I then fill each cell with my new liquid-chloride of ethylto near its top, leaving a space of several inches above the top of the liquid in each cell. With this space the pipe I) connects. Now, when the pump is started into operation a vacuum is formed in the space above the liquid in each cell, and evaporation is commenced. The rapid withdrawal of the vapor '60 from the space above the liquid induces a violent ebullition, which is caused by the upward movement of the gas throughout the body of the liquid, and as the cells are quite narrow a large amount of freezing-surface is provided, 6 5 which gives quick and positive freezing results. The gas, which is withdrawn into the pump, is forced upward by it into the coil in the tank, and as the tank is filled with water the reduced temperature and pressure soon condense the gas again into a liquid. the gas condenses the liquid settles into the cylinder 1 and raises the float-valye and passes by r the pipe j down into the bottoms of the cells again, thus establishing a circulation which is maintained as long as the pump is kept in operation.

I have also devised a new process for freeing the plates from the ice after it is formed, so that it can be easily removed from the tank. This consists in lea-ding a steam-pipe, K, through the lower part of each cell, so that when the freezing is finished steam can be introduced into the pipe, so as to heat indirectly through it and to the liquid surrounding it contained in the cells, and thereby thawing the ice from the plates. This can be readily done with ethyl-chloride, as its boiling temperature is only fifty-two degrees (52) Fahrenheit. When I do this I prefer to widen the 0 plates at the bottom of the cells, as represented, and then pass the steam-pipe through the widened portion, thus maintaining the liquid area and preserving a uniformity of vaporization at all points. This process of free- 9 5 ing the ice from the plates is simple and effectwe. Having thus described my invention, wh. 'I claim, and desire to secure by Letters]? out, is--- In an apparatus for making ice the tank H, In testimony whereof I have signed my name the plates Bfforminghollow cells, and the pipe to this specification in the presence of two sub- D, passing laterally through the upper part of v scribing witnesses.

such cells and connecting therewith, in com- JOHN F. GESNER. I 5 bination with a pump, a condenser, and an Witnesses:

automatic valve, all substantially as and for SOUTHARD HOFFMAN, the purposes set forth. J. S. MANLEY. 

